tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4624586630299165335.post1431034822045253618..comments2024-03-14T09:50:44.315+00:00Comments on Psychological comments: Genes for class, education and IQAnonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09320614837348759094noreply@blogger.comBlogger21125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4624586630299165335.post-16086765057261739542015-05-17T14:39:42.787+01:002015-05-17T14:39:42.787+01:00I think it interesting that a UK 2014 twin study f...I think it interesting that a UK 2014 twin study found 62% of the differences among their scores on a significant test given at age 16 were due to genetic factors. They didn't take genetic samples, however.<br />Even though the referenced study that found 31% on the same test took genetic samples, the researchers did not necessarily show that genetics were the cause of the effects.<br />A better way to estimate the relative influences of genetics and environmental factors is to measure the degree of DNA methylation of genes. Although this technique is new, it isn't unreasonable to expect that studies performed in 2014 and 2015 would apply this technique if they intend to make findings that differentiate the contributions of genetic and epigenetic factors to human development and behavior.<br />Here's the 2014 study as I curated it:<br />http://surfaceyourrealself.com/2015/05/16/dividing-genetic-and-environmental-factors-when-assessing-educational-achievement-surfaceyourrealself/Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4624586630299165335.post-63668113872154942232015-03-25T01:07:19.355+00:002015-03-25T01:07:19.355+00:00aight so look, a genetic correlation (gonna call i...aight so look, a genetic correlation (gonna call it a 'genny co' from now on, to save time innit) is trying to tell you something interesting - to what extent are the genetic effects that influence trait A also influencing trait B in the same direction with the same magnitude of effect. <br /><br />in general this is quite an opaque metric. sadly, in this case, it aint telling you nothing solid about causality or shared biological mechanism underlying the two traits. <br /><br />lemme give you an example. let's say that everyone with high intelligence gets to marry someone who is richer, and low intelligence people marry people who are poorer. let's also say there is a genetic contribution to intelligence and that poor people and rich people don't mix too much. nothing too unrealistic about these assumptions right? ok so what we have is some very subtle population stratification in our study now - slightly different allele frequencies across the entire genome due to a bit of historical sub-structure generated by non-random mating. this creates an inflated genetic component to the variance in socioeconomic status. sweet. <br /><br />now let's take all the kids from all that romance and use bivariate gcta analysis to estimate a genny co between our two important and well defined traits (heh heh). wow! a significant correlation! the clever rich kids who inherited high intelligence alleles from one parent inherited rich-people-ancestry informative markers from the other parent, and vice versa with the stupid poor kids. <br /><br />let's seed this whole observational association by performing the study on a sample from a society which a) defines intelligence in some way (like do you get good grades in school), b) rewards individuals for the rest of their lives that exhibit characteristics that fit the definition that it landed on in (a), and c) has precious little social mobility. what exactly should we infer when our REML engine converges on a fit that some proportion of this autocorrelation is due to shared genetic variation?<br /><br />you know, on the estate we got a bunch of words to describe an association like this, but here is the one that is most pertinent: "confounded".the stupid poor kidnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4624586630299165335.post-11627494186492467882015-03-23T22:18:24.101+00:002015-03-23T22:18:24.101+00:00Which would compound over generations. Unless, of...Which would compound over generations. Unless, of course, there are clusters. If some female family lines are more likely to bear children within marriage, but not the husband's children, the compounding effect would be less than if any female had a 1-2% chance of bearing such a child. East Coastnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4624586630299165335.post-88871215764447384372015-03-23T12:40:28.512+00:002015-03-23T12:40:28.512+00:00@East Coast
"Gregory Clark uses family surna...@East Coast<br /><br /><i>"Gregory Clark uses family surnames, though. Given a certain degree of cuckoldry over the ages, surnames and genetic inheritance might not stem from the same family."</i><br /><br />Genetic analyses show that historic non-paternity rates are on the order of 1-2% in most European societies.JayManhttp://jaymans.wordpress.com/noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4624586630299165335.post-70597225768965689972015-03-20T15:58:20.422+00:002015-03-20T15:58:20.422+00:00Gregory Clark uses family surnames, though. Give...Gregory Clark uses family surnames, though. Given a certain degree of cuckoldry over the ages, surnames and genetic inheritance might not stem from the same family. (Witness the recent news stories about Richard III's remains.) <br /><br />As to SES, primogeniture would give the oldest male heir the greatest share of family wealth. It would be important to find out what happened to the descendants of the other siblings. The line which starts out with the greatest share of material wealth, and maintains that advantage with each generation, would have the best chance to maintain SES over generations. I would assume the oldest son would receive the lion's share of education, as well. If I start out a game of Monopoly with Park Place and Boardwalk, and an overly generous share of the money, I have better than even chances of winning the game. <br />East Coastnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4624586630299165335.post-76491043485802954322015-03-18T09:08:48.091+00:002015-03-18T09:08:48.091+00:00All those things are possible. I think that attrac...All those things are possible. I think that attractiveness is probably the strongest additional factor: pretty face and body with good (not exaggerated) proportions is probably an additional boost, at least in getting hired, and probably in getting promoted. Unclear how much of the variance it accounts for.Anonymoushttps://www.blogger.com/profile/09320614837348759094noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4624586630299165335.post-89532711976601459422015-03-18T07:15:22.684+00:002015-03-18T07:15:22.684+00:00Nice post and excellent blogNice post and excellent blogexcellent scholarship essayshttp://www.clazwork.com/scholarship-canada-essay-writing-expert-wilcoxnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4624586630299165335.post-10549038607496649592015-03-18T07:00:05.897+00:002015-03-18T07:00:05.897+00:00I think, my early education was effected from my h...I think, my early education was effected from my hard working. I can say that it was hammered by the teachers badly.<br /><a href="http://mmcdonald.com.au/" rel="nofollow">Psychologist in Australia</a> | <a href="http://mmcdonald.com.au/" rel="nofollow">Children Psychologist</a>elieasa marrieahttps://www.blogger.com/profile/09872738702157608934noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4624586630299165335.post-24318518842640692362015-03-18T00:46:38.385+00:002015-03-18T00:46:38.385+00:00* severe DEFICITS in perceptual ability for leftom...* severe DEFICITS in perceptual ability for leftomaniacs.<br /><br />No there "genes for social classes". There are phenotypical combinations which are contextually advantageous in today complex human societies.<br /><br />SantocultoAnonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4624586630299165335.post-53225359239234048132015-03-18T00:40:46.761+00:002015-03-18T00:40:46.761+00:00"Weight balance" measure well our weight..."Weight balance" measure well our weight but don't measure the mass index, body mass distribution and/ or Metabolism, etc. Iq measure ( slightly) well our intelligence but don't measure smart "personality traits", creativity, holistic perception of reality (social, cultural, political, sexual and congenital... Maybe) etc.. Dynamics need a real scenario. Dynamic intelligence in real time can be measure slightly well by their readers. Something is wrong with my neighbohood or my country, something with my "survivability fitness". <br /><br />But is completely possible we have "smart" sillies, with good vocabulary and severe perceptual ability. Assynchronic development is not only a gifted trait because is universal and leftoid have this syndrome as well hardcore rightoids, impared behavioral plasticity and acceptance this plasticity or uncommon behaviors.<br /><br /><br />SantocultoAnonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4624586630299165335.post-39901450751449501262015-03-18T00:10:09.552+00:002015-03-18T00:10:09.552+00:00What explains the other 2/3? Is it physical or ps...What explains the other 2/3? Is it physical or psychological traits which can be measured through objective measurements, or is it something like having the right mix of pheromones? What if it's something like, smells trustworthy to those who control capital and resources? Smells like a member of my tribe? As pheromones are a physical product of the body, a person's individual mixture may reflect genetic factors. Must reflect it, even.<br /><br />I wonder if in-person interviews are more likely to hire people of similar ancestry (even if unknown to the participants) than Skype interviews? East Coastnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4624586630299165335.post-44854991163694633812015-03-17T22:19:41.099+00:002015-03-17T22:19:41.099+00:00Honesty: testable, and currently tested but withou...Honesty: testable, and currently tested but without a gold standard; compliance testable and frequently tested; charm testable, probity see honesty; sense of humour tested; care/altruism tested, influence testable; sense of time tested frequently. All of these can be shown with numerical values. SES hold up pretty well across centuries, Gregory Clark argues. Anonymoushttps://www.blogger.com/profile/09320614837348759094noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4624586630299165335.post-22575206789092181362015-03-17T22:05:46.648+00:002015-03-17T22:05:46.648+00:00"How do you measure characteristics such as ...."How do you measure characteristics such as ...": that's a fair question. But no doubt people once asked "How do you measure characteristics such as intelligence?" IQ testing is the best answer to date. I suppose the floor is open for anyone who wants to devise tests for the items on your list.deariemenoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4624586630299165335.post-41797068280334237502015-03-17T19:53:45.232+00:002015-03-17T19:53:45.232+00:00How do you measure characteristics such as honesty...How do you measure characteristics such as honesty, compliance, diligence, charm, probity, sense of humor, care for others, ability to influence others, sense of time, etc? It seems one can set up tests for intelligence, but it's hard to put a numerical value on other personal qualities, especially the qualities we think are undesirable. <br /><br />Assuming such analyses as the paper mentioned in your post can be replicated, I would be interested to know if the genetic makeup of the highest SES group(s) changed with time. The descendants of feudal knights---do they hold similarly exalted positions in today's society? Did the Industrial Revolution change the relative SES of families holding distinctive genetic packages? Is the advent of computing machinery ushering in other changes? <br /><br />I am very wary of such research being badly applied by people who don't understand it. It would be too tempting for some to take it as endorsing the status quo. East Coastnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4624586630299165335.post-72997321809803862282015-03-17T17:44:53.087+00:002015-03-17T17:44:53.087+00:00Could be, but in studies of scholastic attainment ...Could be, but in studies of scholastic attainment with full population samples IQ is the strongest by far. We keep hoping that personality variables will account for additional variance, but the results are not overwhelming.Anonymoushttps://www.blogger.com/profile/09320614837348759094noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4624586630299165335.post-67995728065061054132015-03-17T17:31:57.589+00:002015-03-17T17:31:57.589+00:00Good metaphor.Good metaphor.Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4624586630299165335.post-4466636230524647022015-03-17T15:40:23.487+00:002015-03-17T15:40:23.487+00:00This finding makes sense. IQ is not every thing. S...This finding makes sense. IQ is not every thing. SES, Educational achievement depend on multiple factors including intelligence, self-control, future orientation, which might be all genetically based. We need to consider SES like a table with intelligence as one of supporting legs. Without it, the table will collapes. But the table also need other supporting legs (self-controls ect) to stand.<br /><br />ICAnonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4624586630299165335.post-68829305575706862612015-03-17T15:01:16.461+00:002015-03-17T15:01:16.461+00:00You had kinder teachers than I remember!You had kinder teachers than I remember!Anonymoushttps://www.blogger.com/profile/09320614837348759094noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4624586630299165335.post-656466868572152672015-03-17T13:07:10.329+00:002015-03-17T13:07:10.329+00:00"My early education, as far as I can recall i..."My early education, as far as I can recall it, hammered in the notion that most things in life depended on effort." One of my teachers was more realistic. <br /><br />"Still finding everything comes easy?"<br /><br />"Aye, sir"<br /><br />"Lucky bugger."deariemenoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4624586630299165335.post-45343398254175988322015-03-17T00:03:12.423+00:002015-03-17T00:03:12.423+00:00Morale. Persistence. Character. Morale. Persistence. Character. Anonymoushttps://www.blogger.com/profile/09320614837348759094noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4624586630299165335.post-33983941751903368592015-03-16T22:01:02.159+00:002015-03-16T22:01:02.159+00:00What's "self-efficacy"? Not having ...What's "self-efficacy"? Not having your thumb up your bum?deariemenoreply@blogger.com